Book artist Felicia Rice collaborated with visual artist Enrique Chagoya and performance artist Guillermo Gomez-Peña to create the Codex Espangliensis, an accordion book that, when fully unfolded, expands to a length of 21 feet. Packed with symbolic imagery – representations of Aztecs, conquistadors, and American pop icons; references to Mexican culture – and word compositions in English, Spanish, Spanglish, indigenous Mexican languages and French, this massive text tells a multi-layered story of Mexico’s historic and continuing struggles.
In the panel depicted here, the viewer is bombarded with graphic and iconographic imagery. What particular chapter of Mexico’s rich but troubled history is being told here? The visual cues are both compelling and complicated. On the left Spanish conquistadors are committing acts of savagery while Superman stands off to the side, ignoring the brutality and seeming to smirk smugly. On the right, a tank occupied by
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a soldier, Batman and Mickey Mouse makes its way through what may be a church as evidenced by the pictures of the Virgin of Guadalupe, Mexico’s iconic Madonna, and of Jesus on the cross. Defending warriors, barbed arrows, flames and a cannon add to this representation of terror and destruction. Dismembered limbs, spattered blood, and a hanging figure that parallels the crucifixion indicate a heavy death toll. Two participants in this violent scene wear traditional dance masks bearing the image of a dog, perhaps representing the Mayan canine guide which led the dead through the perils of the underworld.
The central and dominant figure in red is an anguished representation of pain and suffering. The spikes that protrude from his garment and head historically have symbolized the spikes of the ceiba, the tallest tree in the Mesoamerican forest, which was believed to be a spiritual guide on journeys between earth, the heavens, and the underworld. |